LOGO Primitives

Command	Short Form	Example	Description
Chapter 3
REPEAT	REPEAT	REPEAT 4 [FD 50 RT 90]	Repeats a set number of times the commands listed in square brackets.
SLOWTURTLE	SLOWTURTLE	SLOWTURTLE	Slows the turtle down to the speed of 0.5.
SETSPEED 1	SETSPEED 1	SETSPEED 1	Restore the turtle to his / her normal speed. (Or type a number from .1 to 1, .1 being the slowest speed, while 1 is the fastest speed.)
SETVELOCITY	SETVELOCITY number	SETVELOCITY 100	Sets the velocity of the turtle measured in pixels per second.
SPEED	SPEED	SPEED	Reports the speed of the turtle in pixels per second.
SETBG	SETBG	SETBG 2	Changes the background color.
SETPC	SETPC	SETPC 3	Changes the pen color.
Simple Color Numbers
		0	Black
		1	Blue
		2	Green
		3	Cyan
		4	Red
		5	Violet
		6	Brown
		7	Light Gray
		8	Dark Gray
		9	Light Blue
		10	Light Green
		11	Light Cyan
		12	Light Red
		13	Magenta
		14	Yellow
		15	White
Color Constants (and their RGB numbers)
		WHITE	[255 255 255]
		BLACK	[0 0 0]
		DARKRED	[128 0 0]
		RED	[255 0 0]
		ORANGE	[255 159 63]
		YELLOW	[255 255 0]
		LIME	[0 255 0]
		CYAN	[0 255 255]
		DARKGREEN	[0 128 0]
		GREEN	[63 191 63]
		AQUA	[0 128 128]
		DARKBLUE	[0 0 128]
		BLUE	[0 0 255]
		NAVY	[63 63 191]
		MAGENTA	[128 0 128]
		PURPLE	[255 0 255]
		GRAY	[128 128 128]
		BROWNISH	[128 128 0]
		BROWN	[159 95 63]
		PINK	[255 127 191]
		GOLD	[255 223 63]
		SILVER	[192 192 192]
In order to use the color names, you will need a double quote before the color name. Type the color name in ALL CAPITAL letters. For example, SETPC “SILVER
If you wish to use the custom color numbers, enclose them in square brackets. For example, SETPC [255 0 0] sets the pen color to RED.
CLEARTEXT	CT	CT	This command clears the text from the Listener window.
SETWIDTH	SETW	SETW 10	This changes the width of the turtle’s “pen”. You can choose a number between 1 and 99. The default width is 1.
SETTURTLESIZE	SETTSIZE or SETTS	SETTSIZE 5 or SETTS 5	This changes the size of the turtle. You can choose from 0 to 50. Size 1 is the normal size.
WIDTH	WIDTH	WIDTH	Reports the width of the turtle’s pen.
FILL	FILL	FILL	1) Draw a completely closed shape 2) PU 3) Move the turtle inside that closed shape 4) PD 5) Choose your color (optional) 6) FILL
WRAP	WRAP	WRAP	This mode allows the turtle to “WRAP” around the screen. If the turtle moves off the edge of the window, it reappears at the opposite side.
FENCE	FENCE	FENCE	This command prevents the turtle from moving beyond the visible boundary of the Graphics window.
CLEAN	CLEAN	CLEAN	This clears the graphics window without moving the turtle back to the home position.